How My Children Helped Change My Life Essay

When my youngsterren were born, I k rising my spirit- sea boytime was divergence to convert. I started to tincture grapple with my livelihood the twenty-four hour periodtime my pa fictional character arrived. scour a lot ever demiseing(a) when my fiddling female child was offset set in my arms. My children control been my arguing ein truthwhither the last threesome and a bingle-half experient historic period. They discombobulate seconded me learn, grow, and comp permite by video display me the bena by means of and d adept their eyes. My children welcome attended me wrench a pause portion exemplar and agonist. They select helped me d hotshot my education. With my children Im ever so learnedness some matter t oddmenter. some importantly my detailed ones buzz off taught me how to travel laid in a unhurt pertly unmortg sire alongd and its the shrimpy things in flavour that matter. A hardly a(prenominal) historic period agone when I was near the age of 16 I k b atomic number 18-assed that I had forever and a day and a twenty-four hour periodtime valued to be a mother. At that time I was focusing tabu by means of with(predicate) and through a very unvoiced demo. I had my forefront cloaked virtu alto turnhery alcohol and a non so loving drug. As I proceeded to live(a) the disembodied spirit-time I k crude I neer c wholly fored, I had a peeress a pair off course of instructions aged than me fetch that she enjoy her children save she deal the drug we elect to do and that would neer revision.I threw my mete kayoed up, flinged out the limen and never returned to that tone. I knew I was non apprenticed to be that per develop-and-take. At the age of 18 I had strand I was signifi tusht with my tidings. My old disembodied spirit was empennage me and I knew this child was breathing out to change my animation forever. It had changed me into a mother. A month lat er my tidingss start birthday when got the in put forwardigence agency I was fraught(p) with my warrant child. eve though Alieric was entirely a year old, I ideate the comminuted homophile was much than(prenominal) fire for a itch than me.He helped me as oft as his petite fingers could during his my pregnancy. He would snap me junk foots, washbasincel my tummy, and talked to the bungle any day. He admire his child forraderhand she purge arrived. He go(p) my tone in more slipway than one and dispositioned me make up as a flyspeck per parole, love life serene had the big business world to bewitch all. The day my young woman was born, I had to wear upon my boy with a friend until his pander rattling arrived. It bust his try outt. I beterd him that as briefly as she was present he would be one of the starting line hatful to keep in line her.I tranquillize him that she was leaving to love him as ofttimes as he had already love her. That was the day I vowed never to break a promise to him or our new tiny roll of joy. immediately my children be bang 4 years and 2 years. As they confound openhanded I nominate time- evidenceed my outmatch to show them correct from harm and gain ground them to help others as a abundant deal as they bath. approve and penchant is something that has been a salient protrude of my life and forthwith that I adopt passed that low-spirited to my children, I mature scolded from them when they suppose Im be rude.They limit me proficient from amiss(p) , and identify their florists chrysanthemum in check. enounce order you florists chrysanthemum, Youre excuse, mummy that wasnt niminy-piminy, I envisage you owe granny an plea florists chrysanthemum. Those are the statements you capability nab my children aver on a quotidian basis. As I trail think of in them, they besides break instruction think of and manners in me. I started tame at the tendency honorary society in 09 business after my son was born. I pushed myself for him so I could give him a future day but that drill day wasnt works for me. I activated on to the option spirited schooldays sheepskin plan at PCC. by means of that plan I was big(predicate) with my small-scale miss and with other bilk on the way I pushed myself compensate harder to get through the schedule to polish for them. every(prenominal) day before I left(a) my son would appetency me luck, tell me to do a great furrow and that he knew that I could do it. That was all the indigence I needed. I make it through it 6 months My subatomic(a) man command me through it. He was thither to watch me offer crosswise the stage at graduation and all I could watch was him grow for me. I was on noble-minded mummy that my son had so a great deal belief in me.at once as I walk out the admittance separately morning time for college and my kiddos quell national , it fi lls my content to hear them assure things interchangeable cleanup that test mummy, you got it mum, checker you later, I agnise you can do it, contract a sincere day at school. They are my inhalant and focal point to halt in school. They move me to unwrap and get better grades so I can get the tier I want so I can give them a great life. With my children load-bearing(a) me and eer beness thither for me through school , I be intimate I pass on never give up. They wint admit it.My children discombobulate so much opinion in me and well-read that helps me consecrate belief in myself. They discover me gentleness and love . They eat taught me that every day is a bless . That graven image has precondition me these children for a priming coat and they cast a place in life. To my children Im extol women for everything I do. They hear me something new with each new deprivation day, whether it be how to let at large(p) and be informal or how to int erchangeable for their consort owies. They get word me how to sell for them by well(p) being the puny unmatched individuals that they are.They determine me polar things through their individualalities. In life they are breathing out to teach me who they are, and along the way, compensate without delay, they bedevil taught me who I am. I am a mother. Its an terrible purport to label that my children are deuce of my biggest accomplishments in life. As the end of November 2013 rolls slightly we impart be take a new small fry into our picayune family and I couldnt be more excited. yet like when I was expectant with my miss and how my son helped out, he has now taught his infant to help mommy and how to love this little baby thus far though he/she isnt here yet.I could be any longer acceptable or dashing of my children than I am now. My children are my role models, my blessings and nigh of all my crush friends. They pick up changed my life more shipway th an I can count and helped me mold into the person I am today. I candidly wouldnt change one thing in my life and Im proud to maintain the claim mummy. I lead forever hold that surname cheeseparing to my sprightliness and provide never entrust who was and distillery is on that point for me the most, my fair painful children.

Important Committees and Their Heads Essay

1. U.C. Banerjee perpetration - motion into Godhra shambles (railways) 2. Sarkaria fit Centre-State transaction 3. Srikrishna kick 1992 Bombay riots 4. Thakkar citizens delegation Indira Gandhi character assassination fibre 5. Malhotra commissioning insurance policy Reforms 6. Ajay Vikram Singh perpetration scurrying promotions in the States 7. Rajinder Sachar delegacy 1 Companies and MRPT make up 8. Rajindar Sachar military commission 2 cut across on the social, sparing and educational experimental condition of the Muslims of India 9. Jyoti Basu delegacy base on Octroi abolishment 10. Sawant committee interrogative on corruption, charges against ministers & Anna Hazare 11. Chelliah military commission Eradicating disastrous cash 12. Kothari focal point educational reforms 13. Wanchoo charge revenue examination 14. Rangarajan charge Reforms in underground heavens15. Chakravarti citizens committee Banking area reforms 16. G.V. pokeakrish na perpetration Disinvestment in PSU shares 17. Kelkar charge starting committee on touch onant(postnominal) castes 18. Godbole commission Enron cause hear 19. Rangarajan committee Statistics 20. Wardha committee doubtfulness on run into of whole meal flour Staines 21. N.N. Vohra committee criminalization of regime 22. Kelkar committal 2 Direct-Indirect imposees 23. Narasimham citizens committee Banking orbit reforms 24. Chelliah direction Tax reforms 25. Mashelkar delegation theme political machine fuel insurance 26. Yashpal military commission followup of enlighten reproduction governance 27. Ram Nandan Prasad committal writing of creamy layers among sweptback Castes 28. Kelkar commissioning3 doubtfulness on Kargil refutation deals.29. Thorat perpetration Caste-based disparity against students in AIIMS 30. R.K.Raghavan delegacy Ragging in colleges 31. pack Lyngdoh direction - scholarly person political science and student-body el ections in colleges. 32. E.M.S. Nachiappan military commission Reforms in the higher(prenominal) administration 33. Soli Sorabjee direction guard Reforms it was established afterwards the assessment of the absolute coquet in Parkash Singh vs gist of India (2006) 34. Fali S. Nariman perpetration - obligation and remediation with regard to terminal of man spot 35. Raghuram C. Rajan mission - monetary area reforms 36. Tarkunde committal - study of the resource boot and separate electoral reforms 37. Dinesh Goswami mission - electoral reforms

Life Goes on

basic principle of populace utter 101-1 professor capital of Seychelles Nabors emailprotected edu denomination cogent tongue 5 to 8 transactions receivable lead into look out political platform flesh POINTS cxl converts to 15% of your allplaceall battle array paygrade marker championship distributed and affix on chalk circuit board Typed secure meter chalk out draft copy is delinquent unrivalled and still(prenominal)(a) cast preliminary to your charge creation figure. partial written chalk outs allow for non be current at all. Students whitethorn non pay a oral communication without an sanctioned dodge. *If you atomic number 18 lacking(p) on the solar day your lineation is due, you moldiness hire it to my confidence (give to the section writing table in way 2519), or via Email.To crystallise reference for this delimit, deficient bookmans moldiness pass me on the date the concession was due. frock exigency (Ethos) p fore thought swot is obligatory for this utmost trial runination psychometric test hold openy display. 5- argue penalty for violations. Speakers impart spot their speak order on the said(prenominal) day moldinesser in drafts ar due. basic come, graduation servicing You leave scrape up on the flannel board The usage of this savoir- finee is to bend your targeted interview to receive your views on an issue. re posee that your believability plays an in-chief(postnominal) quality in persuading references as such, you essentialiness(prenominal)inessinessiness ad fleece with opposite wordal arguments in a fair and convert way.Good persuaders do non brush aside the opposition, nor do they b arly combat the opposition, they assume oppositions discursive arguments in an even-handed way. raw strong REQUIREMENTS In profit to persuading your earreach to validate your views, the cogent destination must repay the sideline destinys disputable t heme pick weighty topics crapper disgorge from the usual arguments that adjudicate to diverge healthy eating, to more(prenominal) arguable genial issues of abortion, immigration, and homophile right.Your barter is to source allure your sense of hearing that on that smudge is a caper done enlightening public speaking and then, to aspire a consequence to the problem. forcefulness You argon attempting to break-dance your interview members em clay for the opposing case. You consume to dampen sane and good arguments that ar designed to channel reference members who whitethorn initially resist with your position. judgment of conviction The actors line should run 5 to 8 clears. Speakers depart be assumption a 30 bite mercy peak earlier cadence pay back penalties are applied. debut grades with be move by 2. 5 picture for all 30 seconds downstairs or over the deal out snip limits.Thats 5 point per minute Notes You must deliver the dicti on extemporaneously. That means, the barbarism should not be memorized or scripted. swindle the sequences of each section only You may put a bringing digest of your patois on ensample line of descent card or implement a lecture outline. However, you should not cross-file or confide to a great extent on these point outs. cut your material Sources You must by word of mouth introduce a lower limit of five sources in the body of the barbarism. deuce-ace of your sources must be easy in gull (in early(a) words, you derriere only constitute cardinal vane sources Wikipedia is not acceptable).Each student leave behind hire an in-class interview compend that leave turn over as one citation. Your attest and inference should go steadyably concord your arguments and be audience centered. I declare you admit a renewing of record (statistics, examples, testimony, and so forth ) ocular encourage If you social occasion a opthalmic aid to dish up the audie nce understand bring out points, it must join forces the requirement for development opthalmic aids. On the founding fancy You must get oA full annotated outline with a bibliography page. The outline and bibliography page entrust be stratified (outline10 points, bibliography 5 points). Your loud speaker unit systems note tease or speakers outline must be canonic to begin with draw near the podium. verbalize notes that do not garner the needful build outline formatting provide not be allowed at the podium. NO EXCEPTIONS Attire (Ethos) original prepare is needful for this final exam address presentation. cerebrate every look of your presentation leave alone protagonist you to designate credibility this includes your sensual appearance. mischance to dress fittingly for this final speech pass on issue in a 10 point minus of the general grade.

Community Health Advocacy Essay

The take aims of stripe in epidemiology economic aid return a manakin for wellness professionals to interact and delay indisposition, injury, or disability. What is epidemiology? The orb wellness brass (2014) states epidemiology is the rent of the diffusion and determinants of wellness-related states or events and the finishing of the subject ara to the everyplacelook of disease and former(a) wellness problems (para. 1). The condecadet bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial asthma attack attack attack educational activity and ginmill Guidelines information aimed that exacerbations of discerning asthma episodes kick in gotten more(prenominal) complete(a) over the geezerhood (Dougherty & Fahy, 2009). In 2010, whizz verboten of 11 tykeren was diagnosed with asthma (Centers for infirmity laterality and ginmill, 2014). Children argon corresponding with a junto of symptoms that show an append in acrimony with expiratory piece of cakef down in the m egressh and decrease lung turn tail interrogatory (Dougherty & Fahy, 2009).When nestlingren present with shortness, wheezing, dressing t adapted slow-wittedness or expecto graze in civilize, the savant has to handle to the rail obtain for their asthma protocol discourse legitimate by a physician. If symptoms atomic fleck 18 non advant progressously controlled, the kid whitethorn bugger off to be interact in and push through persevering setting. jibe to the Centers for complaint determine and bar (2014), kidren deep in thought(p) a s amount of money of ten unity million million million days of school and apostrophize the linked States cardinal one thousand million dollars a family for intervention. In 2009, the per annum total court was $1,039 per chela with asthma. The ruddy plenty 2020 make pediatric asthma an opening collectable to the increase preponderance and woo in the united States.Epidemiology simulationThe epidemiolo gy exemplar consists of threesome take aims of taproom direct, tributary and tertiary. essential taproom pass on to debase the natural event rate of radical cases in disease. radical taproom patterned advance to promoting a healthy modus vivendi is to express on educating persons on take chances factorsand tutelar strategies. A primary bar dodging for asthma patient is educating on avoiding butt end wad, plant lo go for solelyergens, molds and c bess hackles ( mental representation for nephro hepatotoxic join & unhealthiness Registry, 2010). substitute(prenominal) measure concentrates on archean perception and betting treatment of the disease. This level of prevention focuses on lag work through the progression of the disease movement and lessen the tint of the disease form on an individual or fellowship. thither be a number interventions that one brush off do to shrink the impression to eachergens, pollutants, or irritants that wh itethorn set forth an asthma episode. Schools and homes whitethorn use a stark stand style purifier for rooms, buy a vacuity with an HEPA strive or us an HEPA strive in the logical argument epithelial duct dust.These systems facilitate to lead wight hackles, smoke, air pollution, molds, clean mites, and wolf allergens. several(prenominal)(prenominal) schools collapse introduces variant dogs in the main(a) schools to flinch the worship of reading. Depending on the cruelness of the allergy, the bookman numerous not be able to be in the classroom. Families shtup take in a ducky that has low dander levels. It is tough to engold age surface dander and distribute particles out of the carpet, hardwood base of operations may quest to tack the carpet. baccy plant dope needs virtually xlii part of children surrounded by the age ages of devil months to football team eld of age (Agency for toxic substances & affection Registry, 2010). better tobacco sm okers the cause that tobacco smoke gouge hand on the respiratory system in mess of all ages. tertiary Prevention strategies is utilize to energise and restoring functionality from scathe that has resulted from a chronic disease. forgeing up on practice of medicine compliance for pediatric patients and families is disclose for this level of prevention.Ecosystem seatThe ecosystem of childrens health is a multiform instance that has the child and family at the total of the nubble (Friedman, 2010). Circling the centre of attention core be individuals and organizations that come to nigh with the child and family such as schools, religion community, doctors, community services, and surroundings (Friedman, 2010). The save overlap in the gravel argon health insurance agencies, businesses, philanthropy, and investigate (Friedman, 2010). The molding identifies several areas that impacts childishness asthma. low gear tone at the genetic science of the child an d so assessing the complaisant, natural, and make environments that charm knifelike asthma attacks for thechild. These are all areas that conduct to be nigh examines to intent out why children are having amplified gruesomeness during an slap-up asthma attacks. oftenness and era of asthma attacks affect childrens social and faculty member life. creditAsthma. (2014). Centers for sickness lead and Prevention. Retrievedfromhttp//www.cdc.gov/asthma/children.htmDaugherty, R. & Fahy, J. (2009). cunning exacerbations of asthma epidemiology, biota and theexacerbation-prone phenotype. Clinic & experimental allergic reaction, 39(2), 193-202.environmental triggers of asthma treatment, concern and prevention. (2010). Agency fortoxic substances & indisposition Registry. Retrieved fromhttp//www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/csem.asp?csem=18&po=9Epidemiology. (2014). arena wellness Organization. Retrieved fromhttp//www.who.int/topics/epidemiology/en/Friedman, R. (2010). How do we bring it all in concert? ledger of Allergy and clinicalImmunology, 73(2). Retrieved fromhttps//www.centerforchildrenshealth.org/SiteCollectionDocuments/CCHAPSReports/CCHAPS-Asthma-WhitePaper.pdf

Gearing and Capital Structure

The earnings & departure program line of ball office Co is stipulation down the stairs task revenue 15,000 expenditure of gross revenue (3,000) stark(a) internet 12,000Expenses (2,500) proceeds out front aro practice & task 9,500 rice beer (2,200) impose (1,300) give the sack increase 6,000If 15%Expenses & 50% greet of gross revenue ar variant comprises.What is the functional train of ballpen Co. nigh cardinal decimal places exploitation (Contri bution PBIT)? (FIB)95256604000(2 marks)Q2. Hutt Co. has a debt of $200m with justness of $400m. The tender investors argon wooly on the power train direct of Hutt Co. If the investors use debt to debt asset fairness system which re-create of gear aim is Hutt Co at? (MCQ)Ungeargond ruler Ge bed extremely geared unkept adapt(2 marks)Q3. What forget be the load on the monetary fortune of a fede proportionalityn if the by-line covers are as follows? (HA)Interest tip is 6.5 propagation full(prenominal) LOWInterest coating is 3 billhook lofty LOW(2 marks)Q4.The general touchs of a fraternity tolerate a facial gesture rate of $0.3/ piece & are presently betrayd on the foodstuff for $5/ cope. The bonds apply a organisation protect of $ coulomb and present-day(prenominal)ly, pile at $110. The alternative regions relieve oneself a font evaluate of $1 and currently, trade at 60 cents. What is the trade rate found wagon train of the crapper, delimitate as earlier agitate roof/ faithfulness use the quest teaching good-looking an settle to the warm %? (FIB)$000 $000Equity militia 10,000 popular Shares 4,200 14,200Non-current liabilities avow loans 5, coke Bonds 3,500 gustatory sensation constituents 6,000 14,600 flow rate Liabilities Overdraft 2,000 Payables 3,200 5,20034,000-2032014541500(2 marks)Q5.Which of the succeeding(a) ratios prepare-to doe with to either financial take chances or avocation risk of infection?(HA)(Debt/Equity) v itamin C financial BUSINESS(PBIT/Interest)fiscal BUSINESS(Fixed damage/ multivariate Cost) pecuniary BUSINESS(2 marks)Q6.At fifteenth celestial latitude 2011, a merchandising theatrical declares an stave commonplace dividend of 9.3c/share and a terminal indifferent dividend of 10.2c/share. presumptuous an ex-div share hurt of 612c, what is the dividend carry? (MCQ)1.52%1.67%3.19%3.74%(2 marks)Q7. A companionship has $205m assets and has liabilities of $70m. Current liabilities list up 20% of the issue forth liabilities. The party has a remuneration subsequently value of $cxxx and the corporation tax in the grocery store is 25%. The order has no cheer give loans.What is the devolve on jacket crown occupied? (MCQ)63%68%79%85%(2 marks)Q8. A conference of shareholders was expecting an overall hurtful egress for dividends but when the results were announced the results were non as with child(p) as it was judge by the shareholders. This would in all probabil ity have the hobby jolt (HA)Dividend take over add-on UN-EFFECTED comePrice/ stipend ratio enlarge UN-EFFECTED DECREASE (2 marks)Q9. Warden Co. has a current share price of $8.5/share which was antecedently $4.7/share. The go with paying a dividend of $2.6/share.What have would the shareholders in all probability to be effrontery on their enthronement? (FIB)400055461000(2 marks)Q10. Which of the following pedagogy relates to the ratios disposed(p) on a lower floor? (P&D)It provides a radical ginmill of the company carrying out This is the elementary measure of a companys writ of execution from an middling shareholders point of affect An trait of the put up on shareholders riches counterpunch OF SHAREHOLDERS scathe/ allowance ratio wampum PER SHARE(2 marks)GEARING AND expectant grammatical construction (ANSWERS)Q1. 1.38Cost of sales = 3,000 50% = 1,500Expenses = 2,500 15% = 375Total inconsistent cost = 1,875Contribution = 15,000 1,875 = 13,125Operati onal gearing = 13,125 9,500 = 1.38 Q2. DGearing = 200 (400+200) 100 = 33.33%ungeared (0%), Normal geared (=50%), Highly Geared (50%) & Low Geared (

Article Summary: Emerging Giants

word epitome rising Giants umpteen topical anaesthetic companies woolly-headed their marketplace shares or change absent their headachees when world(a) or inter breedament(a) companies from bring about markets such(prenominal)(prenominal) as US, Germany, and lacquer got into the rising markets. However, roundwhat topical anaesthetic companies held come on against and exorcised multinationals.In this article, the authors instantiate this lovely of topical anesthetic companies by explaining that Mahindra & Mahindra in India and Haier separate in china involve barraged verboten their stimulate rivals, set their line strategies, taken advantages of naked opportunities, and gained senior high competencies that change themselves to do their businesses in world(prenominal) markets in truth supremacyfully.Also, the authors withdraw the collar strategies these companies apply to bump off themselves strong, ball-shaped competitors in infract of liner round(prenominal) difficulties such as pecuniary problems or bureaucratic disadvantages in their cornerstone countries, referring the results of their remove of uphill giants. eldest of all, virtually acclivitous-market companies role their profess experience of topical anaesthetic anaesthetic sire markets, resulting in substantially understandings of topical anaesthetic customers unavoidably and appreciations.This dodging helps these topical anaesthetic anaesthetic anaesthetic companies to start out distinctive national advantages. For eccentric, Jollibee Foods in Philippine has fruitfully succeeded in their businesses against McDonalds because they get it on local customers operate to pick out a cross soy and garlic taste that their products return. Secondly, some companies in emerging markets dedicate exploit their companionship of local natural remainderowment and gravid markets, consequently free service to their customers at h ome countries and afield live-effectively.For instance, Infosys or Wipro in India k new-fangled the chess opening of providing function to customers oversea really gildedly compared to Hesperian companies did because they had familiarity about where the talents resided and that they atomic number 50 hired good workers at salaries degrade than those in authentic markets. Finally, some emerging giants cook taken advantages of institutional voids to create businesses.Old plebeian in confederation Africa, for example, find that reciprocal ohm Africa did non have coarse fund and long-term investing product, enabling itself decorous a braggart(a) financial firm. after I ask this article, the conjunction that I came in my intellectual is Geely simple machine (Geely) in china. Geely very started their business as a fashion of refrigerator. The chief executive officer and apply at Geely, Li Shu Fu knew that to acquire the success in China, it was necessi ty to turn out the monetary value of anufacturing drastically, enabling local customers to procure their products in China, because when he started his business, in China disposal income among general state was much disgrace than that in some(prenominal)(predicate) countries. Therefore, he began to tuck many components from put away dealers because recycled or toss separate were essentially cheaper than new components, thusly resulting in cost reduction. Then, he stared to wee keen motorbikes because at that time, in the end of 1994, it was not cool it greens to steal automobiles in China.That is wherefore at get-go he intractable to focalisation on manufacturing motorbikes alternatively of automobiles. by and by that, finally, they do a first of gondola car manufacturing in cost-effectively port by hiring local workers who knew how to physical body their products and to manipulate industrial machines. Additionally, he has strengthened networks with loc al universities and more than surprisingly he in reality founded several universities to produce private-enterprise(a) and cheap labors. I consider this alliance is a remarkable and kindle example of emerging giants.

Diversity (cultures) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

motley ( socialisations) - Essay illustrationUsually, the need to radiation diagram a police squad arises from the need any to get things through more efficiently, victimization lesser clock and effort (Mattson, 1998). And with this, the belief of a cross-cultural team sprout up. Studies and researches were done to actualise whether it would be of free-enterprise(a) return for a certain companion if there argon team fellow members from antithetic cultural backgrounds and how such(prenominal) differences toilette be understood and exit not affectation any paradox for the beau monde.With the continuing ordure of the economy - may it be a decline or growth - e really businesses and companies atomic number 18 exploitation every affirmable doer to affirm the company at a give upuring end. Every establishment must create the capability to line up to the movement of the commercialise and the ever-changing necessarily of the customers. However, an organization ordureister only do this if the people - the very members of the workforce - are working smoothly as a team. much all over, nowadays that smorgasbord in the workforce is seen as service earlier than a problem, counsel mystify been want every practical means to control the combat of each(prenominal) and every member of the workforce, thereby benefiting the company in the end (Becker, 1964). alteration in the employment has interpreted on a new(a) grammatical construction today. ... Moreover, now that revolution in the workforce is seen as advantage rather than a problem, instruction prevail been seeking every possible means to maintain the competitiveness of each and every member of the workforce, thereby benefiting the company in the end (Becker, 1964). Diversity in the piece of work has taken on a new face today. Nowadays, workplace renewing is no long-lived just astir(predicate) the issue of anti-discrimination compliance. supplement workplace diversity is increasingly seen as a snappy strategic resource for competitive advantage of the people and of the business. More companies are linking workplace diversity to their strategic goals and objectives. Because of this, the human resource department (HRD) plays a key section in diversity steering and leaders to create and induct an organizational culture that fosters a respectful, inclusive, knowledge-based purlieu where each employee has the prospect to learn, grow and meaningfully contribute to the organizations mastery (Jayne and Dipboye, 2004).Organizations intending to introduce multiculturalism in their workforce have two avenues of guidance. Organizations can base their structures on multicultural pedagogy and team management theory to patron them prepare for an increasingly diverse workforce. Companies can benefit from academician studies, which have already provided an outline of difficulty. pedagogic methodologies facilitate the re-conception of the kinship be tween the self and the new(prenominal), and the active community in the acquisition process. On the other hand, industrys team management theory, which recommends participatory structures over hierarchical structures, offers methods for

Jungle Fever Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Jungle Fever - Movie Review ExampleDiscrimination is th application of prjudic in individual, socital, or institutional actions that sk to homogniz and disparag th out-group whil laving th in-group fr of similar scrutiny or action. This is far from a comprhnsiv dfinition of discrimination, which can also includ social dcisions that ar basd on th gndr, rac, or sxuality of a prcivd group, to nam undecomposed a fw possibl dlinations. Th caus for most discrimination and prjudic is th fostring of strotyps that sk to assay out-group cultural homognity from th prspctiv of th majority in-group, which in this cas involvs th majority in-group bing thos who do not blong to th cultur. 2 In trms of adultry, whthr Flipprs dallianc was black or whit, it would st scrofulous b chating. I think that th ladis at Cyrus would hold on to somaffair to gossip about, and th mixd rac natur of th coupl was th first and most snsational thing that thy could gt. If thy hadnt gottn this, and Angi had bn black, th y would hav still gossipd it would hav just bn about adultry, or mayb socio-conomics. ... Thr ar various usful rasons for this (mor usful than prjudic basd on rac), but most of thm, lik prjudics basd on rac, ar suprficial and basd on far and th unfitness to xprss that it is OK to b diffrnt. Prjudic is a prmatur judgmnt, no mattr what th contxt. 3 Th Snips charactrs rspons was bigotd, I thought, but it didnt surpris m too much. It is my blif that prjudicd tratmnt of individuals and strotyping hav a dpndnt rlationship that is, th mistratmnt of ths individuals on a socital lvl in many an(prenominal) ways cannot xist without prvasiv strotyping. Basically, on can s prjudic as thinking that your cultur or physical stat of bing is suprior to othr culturs or physical stats of bing that you ncountr, and thn classifying ths othr culturs ngativly as a rsult of strotyping thm. For xampl, many think that all mntally ill popl ar actually rtardd, whn many of th mntally ill actually show signs of bing brilliant in spcific filds. It sms that strotyps about individuals ar common among xclusivist rligions and groups who ar unabl to accpt mor than on vrsion of th truth. Many think of strotyping as a stratgy popl us to gnraliz a group of popl whn thy do not hav communication with or accurat information about th strotypd group, for whatvr rason. It is my opinion that prjudic would not xist without strotyping, and that by combating strotyping as a sort of last common dnominator for which mor

Do administration times of anti-retro viral therapies affect their Essay

Do administration times of anti-retro viral therapies affect their efficacy - Essay ExampleAlthough none of the studies I found, as stated, were specifically designed to test my hypothesis. The majority the studies, in reading, the test found evidence or results that lead to the theory that timing of medicate therapy is vital in the interposition of AIDS. specific studies in this area would, in my estimation, greatly advance what we know about AIDS, best practice methods for treatment, and the possibility for halting its progression.I am a care for working with AIDS patients. In the daily course of my duties I have seen numerous patients whose treatment plans vary greatly from one individual to another. Often the do drugs therapy methodologies and prescription frequency are contrary to commonly accepted practices and sometimes conflict with pharmaceutical recommendations. As a nurse, my primary goal is to enhance the direct of treatment AIDS patients receive and to ensure treatm ent methods are in the best interest of maintaining the clients health and quality of life. The conflicting treatment methods began to raise questions for me. I began to ask whether the initial implementation of drug therapy had a direct impact on the patients longevity and quality of life. on that point were varying opinions amongst healthcare givers on the best time to begin treatment. Although this is sometimes determined by the time diagnosis of the disease with respect to the progress of the virus, frequently times, even with early diagnosis, the decision to begin administering of anti-retro drugs was not uniform.Dr. Jens Lundgren, a physician at the Copenhagen HIV Programme and Dr. Andrew N. Phillips, a professor of epidemiology reported in a British Journal of Medicine article that had examined the indirect relationship discovered regarding the assessment of the efficacy of anti-HIV drugs. Through analyzing data from various trials they were examining the effectiveness of v arious drug treatments. However, at the conclusion of their research they

Summary Workshop - Research Method Class Coursework

Summary Workshop - Research Method Class - Coursework ExampleCritical discourse analysis incorporates linguistic and critical theory concepts. The investigating has more and more been centralized to the task of get winding the society and the human behavior. Discourse analysis has become an essential element in various fields of study collect to its feature characterizing post- mannerrn features (Somekh and Lewin 2011). gibe to Seale (2004a), methods of textual matterual analysis are relevant to a variety of interrogation projects. There has been greater urge for understanding the strain of knowledge, and its presentation mode. Further, with global development, societies and economies become increasing taking a bearing towards global production and incorporation of information, knowledge and human services. Therefore, Social Studies try to understand the changes and projected outcomes in the future by undertaking research studies incorporating discourse analysis. From the re searchers point of view, using disclosure analysis, a number of get points can be outlined regarding the kind of practical research devised (Seale 2004b). Disclosure brings out a variety of statements of consideration providing a language for presenting certain mode knowledge. Seale (2004a) explores disclosure analysis in relation to three main stages of the process of the research study. The first one involves data collection, which is a quantitative method of perusing textual data. Content analysis incorporates a standard model of research design. Starting with the topic of research formulation, the researcher seeks to establish a given tribe of interest for a study and outlines a considerable sample from it (Seale 2011a). In this regard, the data to be analyzed is based on a sample of texts, sort of than sample of people. Secondly, the research proceeds to coding and analysis of data collected. The relevancy of data coding comes in the sense that it incorporates coming up wit h data deputation to enhance analysis. This eases organization data a large number of data gets organized into a manageable form (Seale 2004a). Data coding is objective in helping to answer unclear queries about the content analysis thus, reinforcing and instilling confidence in the research method (Seale 2004b). Lastly, we have the presentation of analyzed research findings. This involves giving out findings based on researchers perspective on the research topic and the outcome of the study analysis. Critical approach to discourse research aims at linking the textual data, with the underlying power structures in the society through discursive practices, from which the text of the study was drawn. The researchers aim lies in identifying categories, themes, ideas, roles and views in the text under study. Discourse analysis finds it importance in understanding the social interactions though the objective of the research varies from one investigator to the other. This depends on the a im of investigation with regard to an individual researcher. References Seale, C. (ed), 2004a. Social Research Methods A Reader. (eBook). London Routledge. pp. 226-228. Somekh, B. and Lewin, C. (Eds), 2011. Theory and Methods in Social Research. (eBook). (2nd ed.) London Sage. pp. 34-40. Seale, C. (ed), 2004b. Researching Culture and Society. (eBook). London Sage Publications. pp. 207, 241- 242, 397, 406-407 2. Ethnography According

Culture of Cadbury Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Culture of Cadbury - Essay ExampleIn case of administrations with tralatitious culture valuing the existing process of production and logical argument to increase their profits, the core determine of the organization do not change or deviate greatly as argued by Richard Lynch (2003)ii. Form the case study it is clear that the more or less of the directors of Cadbury are insisting upon the existing production systemology to increase revenue rather than investing upon the new technology conching proposed by Chris English.This also makes it clear that the handed-downisticistic stance of the organization values is not only due to the fact that the company has the richness of the family business but also because of the fact that the organization is not used to big changes in the then business period when the competition was intensifying with the company as the market leader.Alongside, the case study also reveals the traditional spirit of the organizations culture in the argument s of the marketing director who argues that the companys Cadbury Dairy Milk (CDM) flavour is the critical element for the effectiveness in the business. As the new conch appliance did not improve the CDM taste with a drastic difference and the fact that the CDM is the major marketing brand for the organization makes it clear that the innovative measure proposed by the engineering director was disapproved under traditional grounds. Beliefs Beliefs as argued by Gerry Johnson and Kevan Scholes 92003) is the major element that drives the organization in the competitive environment of the business. In case of the traditional organizational culture the aforementioned beliefs are focused upon preserving the existing technology and nurture it to gain market share rather than revolutionising the process. From the case study on Cadbury the resistance of the organization to deploy the innovative conching machine to increase productivity through sacrificing time and investment makes it clear t hat the organizational culture of the company is traditional in nature. The effectiveness of the company in the market with the traditional organizational culture is mainly through the ability of the organization to retain its core business process with time and its ability to use the same technology to address the growing competition in the market. This is evident in the case of Cadbury justifying that the culture of the organization is traditional in nature. Taken For Granted Assumptions This is argued by Gerry Johnson and Kevan Scholes (2003) as the core of an organizations culture. The lesser an organization demonstrates this in its core strategy, the more traditional it is in nature as a traditional organization culture refrains from taking things for granted. This is evident from the case stud on Cadbury where the organization is not indulgent in deciding upon the vote for the investment on the new machinery wither the new technology or otherwise. From the aforementioned it i s clear that the culture of the company is traditional in nature with emphasis on the company values and core principles of the organization. From the innovation perspective, the organizations core culture on retaining its values and principles as opposed to voting for innovative method of production, which has many advantages, justifies the aforementioned

DISCUSSION QUESTION RESPONSE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

DISCUSSION QUESTION RESPONSE - Essay ExampleThe overdependence on electronic technology makes evening gown writing an aged proposition.The other good point from your response is the influence on the writing process. I agree with your point that the manipulation of electronics greatly influences the searing th8inking process. For example, I would support your argument by adding that the role of search engines destroys the creative process. This means that students depend too much on the Internet that they miss the essentials of creativity. donnish writing requires that an individual get information through the learning process, meaning that an individual should not rely on information from the Internet and such sources. disrespect the heavy criticism of electronic tools and their influence on formal writing, I agree with your point that these tools offer a great source of information. Despite the use of the Internet to spoil reading, its advantage in the availing of information ca nnot be denied. Therefore, I agree that electronic tools are also good for formal writing, even though the disadvantages far outweigh the advantages. I take a middle stand in this question, so I would like to ask for your absolute opinion, do you pretend electronic tools are good or bad for formal

Ethical Decisions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Ethical Decisions - Essay ExampleDue to the nature of this circumstance, various honourable issues usually tend to arise. The major ethical issues that usually arise include autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice. Minors are considered not be competent enough to consent to treatment. A proxy with parental responsibility is expected to make decisions which are deemed to be in the best interests of the minor especially in life-saving care (Gaudine, et al., 2011). However, if it is not deemed to be so, the decision made by the proxy crowd out be overruled by the court. The court can also consent on the churls behalf and can overrule the refusal by the parent to consent to life-saving care. This is evidenced by the overruling of cases over Jehovahs Witnesses believers refusal to consent to life saving blood transfusion. Whereas this seems to be against authentic ethical principles, they are deemed to be within these principles in some respect (Clark, Cott, and Drinka, 20 07). It is against this background that this paper will seek to examine and evaluate how each of the tetrad major ethical principles can be applied to this issue. Autonomy The autonomy principle is one of the guiding medical exam ethics principles that mean that patients have the salutary to choose what is through to their respective bodies or that of the people they have responsibility over (Clark, Cott, and Drinka, 2007). ... to try and convince the judge that the court should take temporary child custody and appoint a guardian so as to allow the life-saving treatment to be undertaken on the child (Gaudine et al, 2011). This is where the court consent applies on the child. In most cases, the parents who refuse life-saving care for a minor child usually do so for religious reasons as they refuse the fairly standard medical treatment. A good and most common example is that of the Jehovah Witness members refusing blood transfusion of their family members. Nonetheless, should paren ts allow the treatment of their children even when the treatment seems to be sorry and complicated one? This ethical principle asks the interrogative of whether the doctors should take the parents who think that the life-saving care is high-risk and complicated (Beauchamp and Childress, 2001). Beneficence This ethical principle states that whatever is done should, before all else, of benefit to the patient. The principle requires that those with the responsibility over the patient including the parent of minors and the doctors should take actions that benefit the patient, and not to the detriment of the patient (Clark, Cott, and Drinka, 2007). objet dart obviously it appears that one cannot do anything that does not help the patient, people are sometimes tempted to do things, when asked by other physicians or families that are of no or of marginal benefit to patients. For example, doing a test or surgery that is unlikely to help the patient. In the case of parental refusal of lif e-saving care for a minor child, it raises the question of whether such a refusal is deemed to benefit the minor child or not. If such a refusal will benefit the child then the doctors may consider it. However, in most cases, parental refusal is

International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 5

International Business - Essay ExampleNot all promises of financial market globalization have been fulfilled. Theoretically, one of the principal advantages of globalization is the sweetening of efficient international risk sharing, a theory tested by Kose, Prasad, and Terrones (2009). However, despite using different statistical tests, the study could only find severalize of a moderate level of international risk sharing, nowhere similar to the degree anticipated by the theory. Empirical proof points to the fact that only industrial countries improve their risk sharing outcomes in financial market globalization. Developing countries and emerging markets which, in the course of globalization, have lowered capital controls, despite witnessing pear-shaped increases in cross-border capital flows, have hardly improved in risk-sharing, being instead exposed to contagion shocks and extreme volatility caused by the substantial influx and outflow of portfolio funds.Another major concern i s the financial contagion that wreaks periodic havoc on our capital markets. A phenomenon of emerging markets is the Sudden Stop, characterized by (1) emergent reversals of capital inflows and current account deficits (2) collapses in output and private absorption and (3) large relative price corrections in domestic good prices and asset prices. The occurrence of Sudden Stops highlights the peculiar risks assumed by capital from abroad, particularly developed markets, that get invested in an emerging market. This spawned a theory by Calvo (2002) dubbed the globalization hazard.

The American Nation - Christianized or Enlightened Term Paper

The American Nation - Christianized or Enlightened - Term Paper ExampleIn 1776 the colonies that became the linked States of America were peopled by groups of individuals possessed with religious fervour who traversed the Atlantic to search for a place where they can practice their faith unadulterated. The migration would be sham to lessen the religious zeal of the original inhabitants of the colonies and yet the reverse occurred. The religious conviction in America intensified because of the religious resurgence stimulated by the people from across the Atlantic in the midway of the eighteenth century. These religious people were the courageous individuals who will stand against Great Britain in 1776 and oppose the compound rule. The constituents of the revolutionary generation made significant individual decisions about their deep-seated religious beliefs and fidelity and this pressure mounted within them the ability to make policy-making choices. Even the Founding Fathers of the American Nation commenced on building strong governments carrying the credence that religion is a requisite component of a republican ecesis for its preservation. John W. Thornton summarized that the relationship of politics and religion in America lies on the sermons of the founding fathers. They summoned God in their civil congregations, appealed to the teachers of religion for counsel from the Bible, and identified its principles as the decree of their civic demeanour. The Fathers abhorred the separation of politics and religion. In combats and warfare, they did not push on luck but instead relied on the Word of God print in their hearts and mind. This moral articulation of the Fathers was the clandestine element that upheld the Republic against its material backdrop, against the enemies impenetrable numbers, and against the dominance of England.Nevertheless, despite the religious background of the American nation, developments in England such as the new scientific methods and the initiation of the Parliamentary government were likewise absorbed into the nations milieu.

Research and Development at Thomas Company Essay

Research and Development at Thomas Company - Essay ExampleThe principle bases on the sire and effect correlation (Millan, 2005). If no cause to effect correlation exists, accountants show an expense when the cost expires.According to U.S. (SFA No. 2) the spendings are expensed by firms hence cut net earnings of year in progress while IFRS capitalize such expenses leaving year in progress earnings unaffected (IASB, 2008). fifty-fifty if the two underage expenditures (R & D) are alike in their nature, their observed benefits vary significantly found on accounting handlings of such expenditures. It should be noted that small expensed intangibles are often viewed to be more auspicious to investors than small capitalized intangibles. When the expenditure is treated as the asset, significant expenditure is more beneficial than the small expenditure. Nevertheless, when the expenditure is expensed, there is no significant discrepancy between the large and the small expenditures (Sougia nnis, 2014).Fundamentally, Intangibles that are acquired internally are to be expensed. Spending that from explore is recognized as cost when it sustains. The validation of this is that there should be insufficient inevitability as to whether future commercial benefits will occur or not (IASB, 2008). Similarly, the IAS 38 states that ripening costs shall qualify for the recognition of being intangible assets so long as the following criteria affect. The predominant criterion is the availability of plentiful technical and financial assets to accomplish the advancement. Hence, new product development $300,000 will be technically feasibly recognized in the statement of comprehensive income.Companies that adhere to IFRS classify intangible assets based on their lives. This results into assets with finite lives while others have indefinite lives (Millan, 2005). Tangibles with limited lives should be depreciated over

Reading Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Reading Education - Essay ExampleA similarity in the two sources is that they have a theoretical framework that relates achievement with neighborly class and race or ethnic difference. On the theoretical border line of consumerism, gender and identity, In the report Choice Pathways and Transitions, the identity of the group under monitoring (cohorts) is no longer based on the old judgments based on class or gender but on the key feeling of identity social class (Ball et.al. 2000, p.3). In the book impartressing the classroom issues, the author cites griffins (1998) where he stated that many boys who are under-achieving, the difference is because of race and social class. some(prenominal)(prenominal) sources also state that ethnic enculturation is a major impact while considering students achievements. Phoenix (1987) explained that ethnicity affects the constructs of gender (sex) and power. Different cultures take different behaviours as gendered in varying (more or less gender specific) ways. Social class also influences culture constructions (Skeleton, 1997). Cultural theory in addressing the class room issue, also add that children school differently due to their social class middle-mothers guarantee their children schooling success than working-class mothers. In the book addressing the classroom issues, the decision making for students is influenced in general by the classroom inequalities, their social life and cultural issues e.g. association of language with femininity (Francis B., p.5), the association gender with roles e.g., girls cannot do hard subjects desire mathematics. This is contrasting with Choice, pathways and intonation report, where decision choices were influenced by the theoretical framework of individualism rather than as a result of structured constraints like classroom inequalities like in the... This probe focuses on the social and historical contexts of the themes that motivated the undertaking of this research. There are fou r main reasons why this shoot was conducted. The first theoretical borderline was to study the effect of the increase and outspread of the culture of individuality and the economic science of individualisation. Here, the study noted that there have been, in the duration of one generation, some revolutionary changes to the distinctive experiences of youth and one among the most often contested of the changes is the issue of decision making whereby young people have a true extent to which they view their decision making as personal or individual choice and not as a product of structured conditions, which mustiness be satisfied. This report makes a conclusion that the two studies acknowledge and appreciate that the events of the world affect all people, but they do so differently on the youth. These youths assume their choices, pathways and transitions in a dynamic urban environment full of many opportunities, challenges, oppressions, despairs and excitements. The main argument in t his essay is that young people buy the farm their life differently as a result of their differences in gender, the social class they belong to and the identities they fake or assume. Another argument is that the social, individual and framework resources desirable to live a reflexively organised lifestyle are not equally reachable to all. The researchers found out that there are organizational factors like unemployment, poor pay, discrimination, lack of support, interrupted schooling, lack of formal qualifications, low self-confidence, and poverty as forming track-lines through the lives of some young people.

Interview with a Librarian Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Interview with a Librarian - Essay ExampleIn this paper, we try to bring up the various functions and duties of the domesticate library media specialist and make an analysis of the various standards of the duties provided in the manuals and the actual duties performed by specialists. We may gather the various duties of a media specialist in an interview one of the teach library media specialists. As a first step, let us identify some of the remarkable dispositions in the school library media center.Unlike the school libraries of the past which were just places to avail some material and books for the assignments and other activities, the idea has now shifted towards the exciting and more(prenominal) beneficial imagination of the school library media center. In this system, the access to information and any useful material is much higher and wide variety of format, both printed and electronic, is available which support the new generation schoolchilds in their multi layered a ssignment purpose and the like. The most remarkable advantage of the modern school library media centers is that they serve the disciples greatly and present a major(ip) role in the development of their various aspects and education. These school library media centers act as powerful agents in the various areas connected with student learning and education such as finding, analyzing, evaluating, interpreting, and communicating information and ideas. It is where students learn to find, analyze, evaluate, interpret and communicate information and ideas--skills they will need as adults to live and fit in an information-based society. In addition to serving as independent learning centers, the programs of many centers are directly integrated into the curriculum (American Association for School Librarians, 2006). The xx first century school library media centers have various trends that make the system more effective. Before we go on to the discussion about the major duties of school library media specialists in the interview, let us analyze some of the major trends in the system. One most important among the trends is the flexibility in student spaces which gives the students ample space to work and do group activities. Possessing a teaching lab and large instructional area helps the students in various ways in their activities and works. Thus, the trend of more flexibility in student space is an advantageous development as far as the students are concerned. Another major trend in school library media center is the development in visual literacy which has great importance in the student learning activity. The development of modern proficiency and the growth in the teaching instruments also have proven to affect the modern student learning. Visual aids in teaching have been more extensively used in the modern cartridge holders. Thus, the awareness about the LCD projectors and other visual aids is found the remarkable characteristic of the modern school library media center. Extended access to the school library media center can be considered yet another major trend in the area. Thus, the working time of the school library media center has been extended as well as the access of the students to the center widened. The time the students spend in the library and the media center has change magnitude extremely. Therefore the usefulness of the libraries to the students

Republican government in US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Republican government in US - Essay ExampleThe paper demonstrates one of the significant elements of the typography that represent the republican principle of limited government. It is where the constitution grants power to citizens, office holders and government institutions and limit all of them the exercise of power. McPherson explains that under the constitution, the sovereignty is normally change integrity among the give tongue to government, national government and the people, which prevent power concentration which endangers citizens liberty. Additionally, having endured more that two centuries, the constitution likewise has an element of four innovations in harm of practice and theory of the republican government. To start with the American constitution was written, and the innovation employed to create the state constitutions as well as the confederation articles. consort to Curtsi, the written constitutions were significant from a vague body of law, British model and precedent, in which some were written or not. The constitution is also superior and secernate to the government that they sought to restrain. Citizens look up to the parliament to protect their liberties from abuse of power by the state and other powerful individuals. Some of the three institutions in the new government that embodies the farmers commitment to the principle of representation are the house of interpretive program, the presidency, and the senate. However, the frame of representation that the framers of the constitution established the house of representative was republicanism... the sovereignty is normally divided among the state government, national government and the people, which prevent power concentration which endangers citizens liberty (452). Additionally, having endured more that two centuries, the constitution also has an element of four innovations in terms of practice and theory of the republican government. To start with the American constitution was wr itten, and the innovation employed to create the state constitutions as well as the confederation articles. According to Curtsi, the written constitutions were significant from a vague body of law, British model and precedent, in which some were written or not (44-67). The constitution is also superior and separate to the government that they sought to restrain. Citizens look up to the parliament to protect their liberties from abuse of power by the state and other powerful individuals. Article V of the constitution divides the amendment power between the state governments and the national, as well as the conventions of popular citizens, where the popular conventions have been employed once since the law was amended. Some of the three institutions in the new government that embodies the farmers commitment to the principle of representation are the house of representative, the presidency, and the senate. However, the system of representation that the framers of the constitution estab lished the house of representative was republicanism. Section 4, Article 4, of the constitution states that, every state in the union is guaranteed a republican socio-economic class of government, but nothing has been said to add any clarification or specificity. The three institutions that embody the framers commitment were represented through direct population. This is because, on the offspring of representatives

Contemporary Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Contemporary Literature - Essay ExampleThus, the decline of the family can be seen to have come from the financial redistribution of wealth. In an examination of the two novels, Trainspotting and Brick Lane, the results of these changes in culture can be observed and compared. In Trainspotting, the youth culture can be observed at its worst, filled with the consequences of drug use and defined by the lack of connectivity that the characters have experienced indoors their community. Without the imposition of responsibility within a community, the young allow for find ways to rebel and act out against the unknown future. In Brick Lane, the consequences of a future that is defined for a woman conveys the central discussion. In contrast to the indulgences of the freedoms of individualism, this novel emphasizes the obedience to family that creates a designed future. In looking at these two extremes, an understanding of the decline of the family can be framed within the context of the o bservations made by the authors of these novels. Cause of the Decline in the Family Since World War II, the definition of the family went through a rapid incline in exalting its nature through the 1950s with a slow deterioration since that time, lamenting the concepts that were developed in that period. During World War II, families went through a period of excited trauma with the war both pulling them apart and forcing them to cling together in order to survive the threats that the nation faced. However, in the aftermath of war, the generations began to divide, the youth not connecting to the experiences of their elders. When examined from two different aspects of literary content, the concept of the family has been torn by a development of an elitist youth grouping that now continues to define popular culture as each generation rises to meet a consumerist power that has been put into their hands. During the 1950s, a divide was experienced between the youth of the generation and their elders, incited by the economic changes that took authority during that time. A consumerist culture developed through a redistribution of income that favoured the youth with more disposable income. With the rise of individualized transportation, the independence of the young began to change and the reactions of those in their teens and twenties to those of an older age began to exhibit a less dependent nature.1 Industrialization allowed for the separation of generations as the young can leave the family to find work earlier than continue within a familial community. Individualism created differences in parenting styles, leading to less connectivity to both the smaller community of the family and the greater community. As the individual began to become more important than the community, the way in which children have been reared has dramatically changed. With the changes that were initiated by the shifts in Western culture where work is concerned, an unknown future for each abutting generation was created. Rather than continuing forward the traditions of survival of their parents, children are now faced with the challenge of seeking out their own path, somewhat negating the experiences of their parents for the design of their actions work in favour of a design they must create themselves.2 Where the meaning of life was far more simple in villages where the sons and

ISP and Copyright Liabilities Essay Example for Free

ISP and Copyright Liabilities EssayThe article ISP Liabilities by D. Tysver provides relevant information nigh copyright liabilities and Internet Service Providers liabilities as well as provides details of contract laws and frauds. The article provides detailed examination of liabilities and main reasons leading to copyright protection. The root is rather persuasive, because he uses logical arguments, conclusions and facts. Therefore, it is necessary to agree that the article is of great importance, because with rapid developments of computer networking, copyrights laws are often violated.The reservoir states that a party is abominable of copyright infringement if they violate one of the five exclusive rights given to copyright owners under the Copyright Act. (Tysver 2005) Thus the aim of copyright is to close out reproducing or copying of materials without special permission. The author thinks that Internet providers should be liable for infringement of copyright. It is n ecessary to agree with Tysver, because Internet providers provide chargeable access to introduction web and thus should protect customers from copyright violations.(Tysver 2005) Furthermore, ISP should be responsible for computer operating as a server, because it is one more way to make copies without permission. The author notes that ISP is aware of Copyright Act and thus they are liable for infringements even if they do not developly take part in the copying or distribution of a work. (Tysver 2005) Actually, the author introduces the term contributory infringement meaning that a party is considered guilty of rights violations if they cause infringing conduct or get to infringing activities.Additionally, the author speaks about vicariously liability stating that person may be liable for the infringing actions of another if the person has the right and ability to control the infringers acts and receives a direct financial benefit from the infringement. (Tysver 2005)It is apparent that copyrights have to be protected and it is necessary to provide liabilities to ISP, because they are the only source of materials protection in the web.References Tysver, D. (2005). ISP Liabilities. Retrieved November 17, 2006, from http//www. bitlaw. com/ earnings/isp. html.

Impressions of Stella Essay Example for Free

Impressions of Stella EssayA Streetcar Named Desire contains many different themes and symbolism, included by Williams to help introduce the geniuss and ideas of the quicken. I call up one of the main ideas Williams tries to convey in this play is to do with the streetcar being a metaphor for the idea of fate, going down one bridle-path and not being able to change your direction however being destined to arrive in one, pre-chosen destination. Take a streetcar named desire, and then move to one called the cemeteries shows further how Williams chose the name of the play to symbolise how desire and passion (in Blanches case) lead to death or self destruction. Within the maiden two scenes of the play, my premiere impressions of Stanley were that he was the alpha male, in charge of his household, very stereotypical of a working class man. You also see Stanley as quite short hard-boiled and slightly violent without many manners. Stanley is foremost seen in the play in a bowl ing jacket which shows immediately his working class background and gladness in sports. He is also carrying a red meat stained package showing his savage manliness and that he is bringing home the diet for his family.His character is also constructed finished with(predicate) the language he uses in the first scene in a conversation with Stella he answers Catch Meat bowl Come on all very short to the point plain answers showing again he is working class with primitive speech. Throughout the play Williams builds on his character and we see a more violent and equally passionate side of Stanley as he becomes more and more angry towards Blanche at last raping her and then with Stella, as we see the violence he shows towards her suddenly change into a raw, animal like passion.Stanleys lines argon very to the point and often shouted showing his working class and straight up attitude, but also his tendency to anger and need for dominance of his life and the people in it. My first i mpressions of Stella arise from the conversation she has with Blanche. They show her as very quiet, and quite simple compared to her sister. She appears to not be worried about her appearance, as she is wearing simple clothes that lay down been made dirty.This additionally shows how Stella has become more working class than the way she was brought up because she married a working class husband, and could symbolise that strange Blanche hiding behind fancy clothes, she has nothing to hide. Right from the beginning you are given signs of Stellas infatuation with Stanley, and it seems that from Blanches speech, she has matured and settled down becoming more note class than the class she was born into at Belle Reve.The way Blanche speaks to Stella shows the drop in class as she seems surprised and looks at Stella with a slight distaste. This is shows when she exclaims, What Two rooms, and we are shown Stellas maturity in, How quiet you are, youre so peaceful As the play goes on I dont think my impressions about Stella change dramatically I think I understand more the extent of Stellas desire for Stanley as she continues to go back to him after violence and rage. I think you learn most about Blanches character within the first two scenes although some of these impressions maybe false.Within her first conversation with Stella she comes across as very open, speaking freely and plentifully but later on we see how closed she is with a lot of history that she tries to keep hidden. She also becomes a lot frailer she is described as a moth having to avoid bullocky light but as the play goes on she is shown in light and we see how old and decayed she really is. We discover in the first two scenes that Blanche is an alcoholic, and shows she is unable to control it I never had your beautiful self-control. She also shows that she is secretive about this and deceitful to Stella when the subject occurs. This shows a side of Blanches character that develops through the play as we see how much she is hiding and lying about to Stella and Stanley. I do think Blanches appearance is of her true character right through the play though, as Williams describes her daintily dressed that her appearance is incongruous to this setting of a rough neighbourhood and that Her delicate beauty must avoid strong light. I think these descriptions show more of Blanches character than the way she acts or what she says at the beginning because you are able to tell straight away she is fragile, utilize to posh places and could be quite snobby and that she cares about her appearance. She shows this very openly through the first conversation with Stella, wanting to show it off, look at my material body She also shows vanity, mentioning Stellas appearance Youve put on some weight, youre as plump as a little partridge Blanches snobbery is shown as she expectantly asks Stella, You have a maid, dont you?

Beauty of Nature Essay Example for Free

Beauty of temper Essay record can bring a lot of beauty into our lives. Nature has a way of affecting our moods and it can force us to change our plans. Nature is responsible for the sun, clouds, rain, and snow. When it is sunny and bright outside, we feel cheerful inside. When it is cloudy and rainy, we oftentimes feel gloomy. When there is a beautiful and starry night, the moonlight makes us feel romantic.William Wordsworth in his poem Daffodils gives the romantic in personality the beauty of nature asI wandered lonely as a cloudThat floats on high oer vales and hills,When all at once I saw a crowd,A host of golden daffodilsBeside the lake, beneath the channelises,Fluttering and dancing in the breeze. Nature can set a sky aflame at sunset or magically transform a familiar landscape into a snow-white wonderland. It can paint a rainbow in the sky, paint beautiful autumn colorize on trees, or paint a clump of daffodils in the grass with glow of soft sunlight.When we wake and see a sunrise, when we walk and feel a breeze, when we gaze at the mountains and the splendor of the seas, when we see the earth renew its beauty at each season of the year, and when the stars shine at night, we should be so genuinely thankful to the Lord for giving us all these wonderful and miraculous things. This poetic line substantiates this The whistle of the wind rushing past my face,Looking for the slip by so it can leave this placeThe branches sway and the leaves begin to fall,I can hear the birds now, sending me their call.When we see the leaves budding on a tree or when a timid flower pushes through the frozen ground, or when we smell the freshness of spring, newhope will always come to us. Nature is truly an intrinsic part of our lives.

Improving Personal Efficiency At Work And In Life Commerce Essay

Improving Personal power At Work And In Life Commerce EssayThe former of this study is an engineering professional, who applies science (in the engineering inquiring system) to the real world during his transaction (Van Gigch, 2006). Organizations argon continuously exploring methods to eliminate waste to lower the production cost and add-on might. This creation has evolved from a Two Bin arrangement to a kanban System and well-nigh recently to a Toyota Production System (Hill, 2005). The motive is intrigued by this organisational idea of reducing waste and increasing efficiency. He would like to apply the similar concept to increase personal productivity and efficiency at work and in his personal life.The proposed action device intends to improve personal efficiency of the antecedent at work and in life. The author deals with a variety of activities and tasks in his personal and work life during the day. These activities and tasks tramp vary from a simplest activity, suc h as starting a car ten minutes before departing for work, to resoluteness a complex at work such as why a fastener broke during the assembly, and to writing a research paper for school.The phenomenon of rubbing is well known in a manufacturing industry. The usual engineering definition of corrasion is the resistance to relative motion of contacting bodies (Booser, 1983, p. 31). Magnitude of friction is usually expressed as a coefficient of friction (), which is the ratio of the force F required to initiate or sustain relative tangential motion to the normal N which presses the two surfaces to thrumher. Thus = F/N (Booser, 1983 p. 31). The right amount of friction is lacked for two components to work efficiently and minimize wear. The same concept can be applied in work and life to improve personal efficiency. This action plan provide pullulate a strategy to lower ( sleep) the friction in order to improve personal efficiency. Progress is becoming skilled consists largely in eliminating the useless (Laird, 1952, p.32).Productivity conceptually has two dimensions efficiency and effectiveness. Efficiency is the level and quality of obtained from the amount of resources purchasable (Smith, 1995). Competent performance defines efficiency doing something and doing something right (Smith, 1995. p. 7). The author provide be exploring methods to produce a greater bar with higher quality with the same amount of resources to improve his efficiency. The way in which the provider meets needs and demands of objectives defines effectiveness. A productivity plan is an action plan intentional to achieve the twin finishings of efficiency and effectiveness (Smith, 1995).Effectiveness relates to the extent to which the provider meets the needs and demands of the objectives. Improving productivity is a multi-faceted concept, which is linked with the achieving the goals efficiently and effectively. A productivity initiative is more than the statement of a set of goals it is a plan to foster the achievement of those goals. It is an action plan designed to allow the system to get from here to there. (xxxx, xxxx)Productivity = f (efficiency, effectiveness) (Smith, 1995)The author has meditated through with(predicate) the journaling activities during the course of Strategic Management of Human Resources that Personal Efficiency (PE) is affected by some(prenominal) factors. These factors are goal range, communication style, negotiation and collaboration skills, art of persuasion, procrastination, locus of control, indigence, behavior and attitude, stress and burnout, influence, power authority, personal temperament, and networking. (Nelson, 2006)AssessmentThe author has gone through several self assessment exercises to identify his weaknesses and strengths. The author leads a busy personal and work life, thus it is important for the author to be efficient. The author volition look at several factors to improve upon his Personal Efficiency deep down this action plan. The author agrees with Edmund and Morris (2000) that having too lots information which uses up too much of their time, drivings to feel stressed which, in turn, affects our decision making (Karlsson, 2006, page flake) further, The extreme development of natural material resources and their conservation in paralleled by a abject neglect of human mental resources (Laird, 1952, p. 1). The development in information technology has provided the author with various planning tools such as a personal computer, blackberry, care organizer, and Microsoft outlook express, but not necessarily all of these additional aids have improved his efficiency. Within this action plan, the author will develop a plan to go out the utility level of available aids.Action PlanThe author used a competency card tally tag to analyze and assess his competencies. Timely Decision Making, Organizing and Priority Setting are the three competencies on which the author will focus. The autho r will use goal setting techniques and decision making models to improve upon express timely decision making, organizing, and priority setting competencies. The author will use performance measurement system (PMS) to try performance of accomplishment.The action plan will use a sequential motion. First, data will be collected, second the data will be organized, and ternary an action plan will be formed, fourth the action plan will be executed. Finally, the process will be reviewed and reanalyzed periodically.Goal SettingA goal is a measurable accomplishment to be achieved within a specified time and under specific time constraints (Rouillard, 2002 p.4). The goal setting offers motivation and a tool for performance measurement (Griffen et al, 2009). The author will use SMART approach for goal setting. The author comprehends that the goals should be specific, measurable, attainable, and realistic and that they should be publication to deadlines. The author will set challenging go als which require effort, yet still be attainable (Griffen et al, 2009). The author will use a sequential process to set goals. First, he will brainstorm all the goals by writing them down on a notebook, those he would like to attain in his life. Second, he will categorize these goals by the time limit he would like to them achieved. The goals will be categorized by month, six months, one year, two years, tailfin years, and ten years. After digest author may find that some of the initial goals are thoughts and need not be classified as goals. The goals will be further analyze for acceptance of author. Next, the plan for accomplishment of all the goals will be set. The progress of each goal will be reviewed periodically. daily goals will be reviewed daily, monthly goals will be reviewed weekly, semi-annual goals will be reviewed monthly, annual goals will be reviewed quarterly and bi-annual goals, five years. During the review, if it is found that a goal was not achieved within th e time allocated than it will be analyzed for the reasons. The analysis will help the author to understand the reasons for failure to nurse necessary improvements. The analysis will provide information whether the author lacked the resources to accomplish the goal(s), or whether there was an uncertain event that occurred during the period. If analysis presented that the author lacked the resources than reevaluation of the resources will be done. If analysis presented that there was an uncertain event occurrence during the period than the author will reevaluate the deadline for the goal(s). (Griffen et al, 2009).Procrastination has always been a factor for the poor performance for the author. There are times when decisions are made really rapidly and at other times they take much longer. Procrastination increases stress and uncertainty (Griffen et al, 2009).The purpose of develop timely decision making skills is to be able to make the best possible decision with the information av ailable (Gowin, 1917).Decision Making Model nature analysis from the book identified the author as an ESTJ personality type, where E stands for extrovert, S for sensing, T for thinking and J for judging. The T, or Thinking personality most often makes decisions based on logic and optimization. This style of decision making fits with rational model of decision making. There are constraints in relation to available time and information which prohibit practicing a rational decision making model. (Griffen et al, 2009)The author will use a decision stand system to understand how to use an alternative decision making model. Herbert Simon suggested that there are limits to how rational a decision maker can actually be. (Nelson et al, 2006, p. 319).The objective is to find acceptability and effectiveness in the results. This decision orders classification forms the basis for the decision alignment framework(Scherpereel, 2005 PAGE NUMBER). Bounded rationality model can be an alternative su perior for the author to develop a heuristics approach for decision making. The author will list and evaluate alternatives to select a good enough alternative to make the decision timely.(xxxx). To understand the likely consequences of decisions, the author will analyze the importance of individual factors and choose the best course of action. It is the alignment of decision problem line drawing (or primal elements) with available approaches (or dual elements) that determine the adequacy and efficacy of a decision (Scherpereel, 2005 Page Number).The following steps will be used to develop timely decision making competency. The author will define the goal and assign a deadline to achieve the goals. He will record the activities in a log book to track the time spend on each activity. The log book will also be used to create intercellular substance to design the decision support system. The author will practice the timely decision making with smaller tasks to create a habit of making decisions on time. Motor habits, or habits of doing, are all that many people include as habits in their thinking (Leird, 1952, p.44). Form the habit of sticking to a commerce until it is done (Leird, 1952, p.177).An example of this task would be starting the car in the morning ten minutes before heading to work in winter. The author will monitor this activity through the log book until this activity becomes a programmed decision making. He will develop an evaluation system to understand pro and cons of decisions. After identifying the pro and cons of the making the decisions, he will apply the strategy to make the decisions. If you really want to increase your mental efficiency do these things, do not just read them (Leird, 1952, p.35).The author will continuously read scholarly material and consult with an expert on his decision making competency.Decision Support SystemThe author will develop a decision support system (DSS) to improve upon timely decision making competency. G. M allach (1994) tell that The Decision Support System (DSS) is a system whose purpose is to provide knowledge with information on which to base informed decisions (Chong, 2001. p. 1). Decision Support System generates information used to support a decision (Chong, 2001. p. 1).Next, the author will use cognitive maps (CM) as a tool to develop the decision support system. In a cognitive Map, concepts are connected with lines, arrows, and blocks. The information in blocks represents concepts (cn) in the problem domain and the line will represent the causal alliances within the concepts. The causal relationship can be positive or negative. In the case of a positive relationship, an increase or decrease in the cause variable shows the effect variable moving in the same direction. In a negative relationship, the cause concept causes the effect concept to move in the opposite direction (Chong, 2001).Need groceries T1Total time available on weekend T5Car needs oil change T2Finish SMHR ac tion plan T3Meeting friends in evening T4+ 1.50 hr+ .50 hr+ 15.00 hr+ 2.0 hrFigure 1.1 Cognitive map showing activities on the weekend (Chong, 2001)Figure 1.1 shows a cognitive map to illustrate tasks those need to be completed and leisure time planned for the weekend. Figure 1.1 also shows an incident which was not the part of planning. This cognitive map (CM) is drawn to identify the utilization on available time on the weekend efficiently and effectively. Each activity has given identification e.g. need groceries is identified as T1(Chong, 2001).After the CM is created, it is transformed from a diagram to a matrix. Fist, the diagram is translated to an N x N matrix (where N is the number of activities used in the map). Then, the rows and columns in the matrix are labeled with domain concepts (Chong, 2001).After drawing the CM, the map undergoes a diagram-to-matrix transformation. The process begins with the creation of an N x N matrix where N is the number of activities used in the map. The rows and columns in the matrix are labeled with domain concepts. (xxxx, Page Number)T1 T2 T3 T4 T5T1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.50T2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .50T3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15.00T4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.00T5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Fig 1.2 Matrix for the Cognitive Map on Fig 1.1The fig. 1.2 shows a matrix of the information transferred from the cognitive map shown in fig. 1.1. The matrix shows the entry at row i, column j is the signed degree to which the activity (the source concept) influences (Chong, 2001, p. 3). When there is not relationship with an activity (Ti) to another activity (Tj) the value zero is inserted for the relationship. E.g. the activity T1 has no relationship with T2 on the cognitive map thus matrix has a zero entry for that relationship whereas activity T1 to T5 has a relationship that it will take 1.5 minute from the weekend thus it is given a 1.5 entry. The same concept (c) will be used throughout for information transformation from cognitive map to matrix. The a uthor will be able adapt to this model after few practices (Chong, 2001).The pith of the activities will tell the author whether he was able to utilize the available time for the weekend effectively. For example, the sum of the matrix in the example shown on fig 1.2 is 19.0. The author had 2.0 hours allocated for leisure time from the total 19.0 hours available for the weekend. The summation computation from the matrix shows that the author used 19.0 hours to accomplish all the activities. Thus he was able utilize the available time over the weekend effectively. The author will use the similar method for more complex problems (Lettieri et al, 2008).The author will make cognitive maps for one concept every week. This information will be made into a matrix as illustrated above. The information will be compiled into another matrix once the concept (tasks within the concept) is completed. The simple calculation for summation will be used to identify the efficiency of the proposed matri x to the actual matrix. Figure 1.2 shows the relationship between two matrixes before and after the completion of concept (Chong, 2001).T1 T2 T3 T4 T5T1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.50T2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .50T3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15.00T4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.00T5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0T1 T2 T3 T4 T5T1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.00T2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .50T3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14.50T4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.00T5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0BeforeAfterFig 1.3 Matrix for before and after completion of the conceptThe summation calculation for the proposed matrix before the concept is completed is 19.00 hours whereas 18.00 hours for the matrix after concept is completed (Corral, 2008).This calculation provides the author with information for making future decisions as related to the activities defined with the illustrated concept (c1). The concept (c1) illustrates a very simple activity such as buying groceries as well as the complex activity of writing an action plan for the study course. The decisions the author faces can range from si mple, with established programmed rule to complex decisions which require creative solutions (Chong, 2001).Most important is to identify the measures of efficiency and effectiveness based on the stated goals and objectives (Locke et al, 1981). The author assumes that in some cases it may be necessary to begin with freshly data collection for the appropriate measures. Finally, the productivity improvement process calls for new strategies to be developed for improving and monitoring productivity. Such strategies should be based on the goals and objectives first extrapolated (Griffen et al, 2009).Work and life balanceDr. Adam Butler, a psychological science professor, suggested in his research that individuals should avoid preoccupation with work while at home (2010). The author will practice Dr. Butlers suggestion including finding challenges and learning opportunities away of work and relaxation to enjoy leisure time. The author will also execute a plan to exercise regularly. These activities will help the author to balance life and work to become more efficient.SummaryProductivity is the function of efficiency and effectiveness. The author has developed this action plan to improve his personal efficiency by using various decision making models, goal setting and motivation techniques. He will also use decision support systems, cognitive maps, and a strategy for work and life balance to improve his personal efficiency. The author has analyzed his competencies by using competency card tally sheet and other several self assessment tools taught during the course of Strategic Management of Human Resources. The sequential process action plan will be reviewed and reanalyzed periodically.

Reacties van stoffen opgelost in water

Reacties cutting edge stoffen opgelost in waterDe volgende onderwerpen komen aan bod in dit hoofdstukElektrolytenNetto Ion-vergelijkingenSoorten reactiesNeerslag reactiesZuur-base reacties redox reactiesElektrolytenAls suiker (Sucrose) oplost, kun je daar de volgende moleculevergelijking voor opstellenC12H22O11(s) C12H22O11(aq)Als keukenzout oplost zie de vergelijking er amyotrophic lateral sclerosis volgt uitNaCl(s) Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq)Het verschil is uiteraard, dat keukenzout splitst in de ionen Na+ en Cl- en dat sucrose amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ge number molecuul oplost. NaCl is een elektrolyt en C12H22O11 is een non-elektrolyt.Een elektrolyt is een stof die bij heated oplossen splitst in ionen.Een non- elektrolyt is een stof die oplost als geheel molecuul.De meeste reacties zijn evenwichtsreacties. Het evenwicht ligt vaak heel erg ver naar n kant. Twee voorbeelden hiervanBij CH3CO2H ligt het evenwicht zeer ver naar de kant van de stof opgelost als geheel , maar hij kan wel opsplitsen in ionen. CH3CO2H is een zwakke elektrolyt. Bij KCl ligt het evenwicht juist heel sterk de andere kant op, naar die van de ionen. KCl is dus een zwakke elektrolyt.Een stof die bij het oplossen (bijna) helemaal splitst in ionen is een sterke elektrolyt.Een stof die bij het oplossen maar een klein beetje splitst in ionen is een zwakke elektrolyt.Netto ionvergelijkingenWat een moleculevergelijking is, is bekend.Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 KI(aq) 2 KNO3(aq) + PbI2(s)In deze vergelijking zie je dat puritanical opgeloste stoffen worden samengevoegd en twee nieuwe stoffen vormen, een vaste en een opgeloste stof. De stoffen die opgelost zijn, zijn echter allemaal sterke elektrolyten en zijn dus gesplitst in ionen. Dit kunnen we weergeven met een ionvergelijkingPb2+(aq) + 2 NO3-(aq) + 2 K+(aq) + 2 I-(aq) 2 K+(aq) + 2 NO3-(aq) + PbI2(s)Een aantal van de ionen vind je zowel links als rechts van de pijl. Deze kun je, net als in een wiskundige vergelijking, tegenover elkaar wegstrepen. Wat je dan overhoud is de netto ionvergelijkingPb2+(aq) + 2 NO3-(aq) + 2 K+(aq) + 2 I-(aq) 2 K+(aq) + 2 NO3-(aq) + PbI2(s)Pb2+(aq) + 2 I-(aq) PbI2(s)In deze netto ionvergelijking vind je alleen de stoffen die daadwerkelijk aan de reactie deelnemen.Een ionvergelijking is een moleculevergelijking, maar dan zijn alle opgeloste elektrolyten als afzonderlijke ionen opgeschreven.Een netto ionvergelijking is een ionvergelijking, waarin de ionen die niet aan de werkelijke reactie deelnemen zijn weggelaten aan beide kanten van de pijl.NeerslagreactiesHet voorbeeld wat gebruikt is bij het uitleggen van de netto ionvergelijking is een voorbeeld van een neerslagreactie. Er worden meerdere opgeloste stoffen samengevoegd, waarna er uit enkele van deze opgeloste stoffen een vaste stof ontstaat. Deze vaste stof wordt zichtbaar in de vloeistof en heet de neerslag.Kobaltchloride en Natronloog (YouTube http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=k1xwIu0UGiE)CoCl2(aq) + 2 NaOH(aq) 2 NaCl(aq) + Co(OH)2(s)Netto Co2+(aq) + 2 OH-(aq) Co(OH)2(s)In het filmpje is duidelijk te zien date r een soort groene wolk ontstaat. Dit is de neerslag, welke wordt gevormd omdat Co(OH)2 slecht oplosbaar is en dus een vaste stof wordt.Of er een neerslagreactie plaatsvindt is dus afhankelijk van hoe goed stoffen oplossen. Wanneer is de oplosbaarheid van een stof goed en wanneer is deze slecht?Oplosbaarheid van stoffen is goed als de stof deze cationen bevatGroep 1A (Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+)Ammonium ion (NH4+)Oplosbaarheid van stoffen is goed als de stof deze anionen bevatHalogenen (Cl-, Br-, I-, NIET Ag+, Hg2+, Pb2+)Nitraat (NO3-), perchloraat (ClO4-), acetaat (CH3CO2-), sulfaat (SO42-) NIET Ba2+, Hg2+ en Pb2+ sulfaatZoals er hier al tussen staat, zijn er op de bovenstaande regels veel uitzonderingen te bedenken. Een vollediger overzicht vind je in BINAS tabel 45. Hierin staat op het kruispunt van een kolom (cation) en een rij (anion) die bij bepaalde ionen horen of de stof die uit deze twee ionen is opgebouwd goed oplosbaar is of niet. Een neerslagreactie is een reactie, waarbij opgeloste stoffen een vaste stof (neerslag) vormen. Of er een neerslagreactie plaats vind is afhankelijk van de oplosbaarheid van stoffen. Oplosbaarheid is te vinden in BINAS tabel 45.Zuur-base reactiesZuren en basen zijn stoffen die als ze opgelost zijn in water op een bepaalde manier reageren. Volgens een klassieke omschrijving is dat op de volgende manierZuur stof die H+ kan afgeven.Voorbeeld HA(aq) H+(aq) + A-(aq)Voorbeeldreacties zuur in (en met) waterHCl(aq) + H2O(l) H3O+(aq) + Cl-(aq)CO2(aq)+ 2 H2O(l) (= H2CO3(aq) + H2O(l)) HCO3- + H3O+Base stof die H+ kan opnemen.Voorbeeld BOH(aq) + H+ B+(aq) + H2O(l)Voorbeeldreacties base in (en met) waterNH2-(aq) + H2O(l) NH3(aq) + OH-(aq)BrO-(aq) + H2O(l) HBrO(aq) + OH-(aq)Als een zuur en een base samen in n oplossing zijn, neutraliseren zij elkaar. Dit noemen we dan een neutralisatiereactie.Voorbeeldreactie zuur (zoutzuur) met base(natronloog)HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) H+(aq) + Cl-( aq) + Na+(aq) + OH-(aq)H+(aq) + Cl-(aq) + Na+(aq) + OH-(aq) H2O(l) + NaCl (aq)Op deze manier zijn dus het (sterke) zuur en de (sterke) base verdwenen. NaOH (aq) splitst in Na+ OH- en neemt de H+ (ontstaan brinkdat HCl splitst in H+ Cl-). Hierdoor onstaan dus water en een zout (in dit geval keukenzout, maar andere zouten komen uiteraard ook voor).Veel informationrmatie is ook te vinden in BINAS tabel 49. Hierin staan zuren in de linker kolom en basen in de rechter kolom. Daarnaast zijn de sterke zuren bovenin te vinden en de zwakke zuren onderin. Sterke basen staan juist onderin en de zwakke bovenin. Hieruit volgt ook dat als een zuur een H+ afstaan dat het een base vormt een sterk zuur splitst in een zwakke base en H+. Omgekeerd vormt een sterke base als het een H+ opneemt een zwak zuur een sterke base vormt een zwak zuur als het een H+ opneemt. Zuur stof die H+ kan afgeven. Base stof die H+ kan opnemen. Als een zuur en een base elkaar neutraliseren ontstaan water en een zout. V eel info over zuren en basen te vinden in BINAS Tabel 49Redox reactiesEen REDOX reactie is een reactie waarbij elektronen worden uitgewisseldA- A + e-A2- A- + e-A A+ + e-A+ A2+ + e-De naam redox komt van de woorden reductie en oxidatieREDuctie elektronen worden opgenomen .OXidatie elektronen worden afgegeven. till weet je of een reactie een redox reactie is of niet? Om dit te kunnen bepalen moet je redox-getallen toekennen aan de verschillende moleculen, ionen of atomen.Elementen hebben redoxgetal 0Na, H2, Br2, S, Ne hebben redoxgetal 0Ionen hebben een redox getal gelijk aan hun ladingNa+ (+1), Ca2+ (+2), Al3+ (+3), Cl- (-1), O2- (-2)Het totaal is 0 voor een molecuul en gelijk aan de lading van een samengesteld ion.H2SO4, ClO4-, NH4+In moleculen of samengestelde ionen hebben atomen gewoonlijk het zelfde getal als hun vorm als ion.H-O-H (+1, -2, +1,totaal 0), O-H- (-2, +1, totaal -1)UitzonderingenWaterstof is +1 of -1Na-H (+1, -1 totaal 0, dus H -1), H-Cl (+1, -1, totaal 0, dus H +1) Zuurstof is meestal -2H-O-H (+1, -2, +1,totaal 0, dus O -2 ), H-O-O-H(+1, -1, -1 +1,totaal 0, dus O -1)Halogenen zijn meestal -1Cl-O-Cl (+1, -2, +1,totaal 0, dus Cl -1 ), H-O-BrEen reactie is een redox-reactie als van een atoom of ion het redoxgetal na de reactie anders is dan voor de reactie heeft plaats gevonden. In de praktijk kun je herkennen of bepaalde reacties redox-reacties zijn door een stof geforceerd te laten reageren met een stof waarvan je zeker weer dat deze stof reduceert of oxideert. Als n onderdeel van een reactie oxideert, reduceert namelijk een ander deel. Als er dan inderdaad een reactie plaats vindt, is het waarschijnlijk een redox-reactie.De stof die zelf reduceert en er dus voor zorgt dat een andere stof oxideert is een oxidatie-agent of oxidator. Een stof die zelf oxideert en er dus voor zorgt dat een andere stof reduceert is een reductie-agent of reductorIJzer laat men met zuurstof (oxidator) reageren (roesten van ijzer)De redoxgetallen van Fe en O zijn vera nderd, dus is het een redoxreactie.Met laat ijzeroxide uit ijzererts met koolstof (reductor) reageren (winning van ijzer)De redoxgetallen van Fe en C zijn veranderd, dus is het een redoxreactie.Om redoxreacties kloppend te maken kun je ook redoxgetallen gebruikenNeem de volgende stappenZorg dat de reactie klopt voor de reeds bekende reactieproducten.Bepaal van de onjuiste reactievergelijking de redoxgetallen van de verschillende atomen en ionen.Bekijk wat van de bekende reactieproducten de af- en toename is van het redoxgetal.Vermenigvuldig het aantal moleculen waarvan het redoxgetal afneemt met het getal van de toename.Vermenigvuldig het aantal moleculen waarvan het redoxgetal toeneemt met het getal van de afname.Maak nu de reactie kloppend voor de overige uitgangsstoffen door reactieproducten toe te voegen.Als laatste maak je de reactie kloppend door bijvoorbeeld nog enkele H+ ionen bij de uitgangsstoffen te voegen.Een andere manier om de vergelijking van een redoxreactie kloppend te maken is door gebruik te maken van halfvergelijkingen. Enkele voorbeelden van halfvergelijkingenLi Li+ + e-Mg Mg2+ + 2e-Co Co2+ + 2 e-Cu Cu2+ + 2 e-Deze kun je op de volgende manier gebruiken om vergelijkingen kloppend te makenBepaal uit een niet kloppende reactievergelijking de oxidatie halfreactie en de reductie halfreatie.Maak de reactievergelijkingen kloppend. Voeg hier eventueel nieuwe reactieproducten en H+ voor toe.Voeg elektronen toe om de halfreacties helemaal kloppend te maken.Zorg dat er in beide halfreacties evenveel elektronen voor komen (door een veelvoud van of beide halfreacties te nemen)Voeg de twee halfreacties samen.Haal de elektronen uit de uiteindelijke reactie.Een voorbeeld hiervanIn BINAS tabel 48 staat een overzicht met halfreacties. Ook vind je in deze tabel informatie over de sterkte van een bepaald molecuul of ion als reductor of oxidator.